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RAW MATERIALS
Efforts made to protect lokta
 
The bark from Daphne cannabina and Daphne papyracea, "lokta" in the local language, provides the fiber from which paper is made. Nepalese lokta paper is prized for its strength and durability. Due to the high length to width ratio of lokta fibers. The paper has a high tearing strength. In addition, paper made from lokta withstands insect attacks.
Temperature extremes and dampness. In Nepal and Tibet, handmade paper continues to be used for the preparation of manuscripts, land registrations, loans and legal documents, for which durability over many generations is a fundamental requirement. It is the features of lokta paper that have increased the potential for the project's success.
Since lokta is the basic raw material for producing handmade paper, a sustainable supply is essential. However, by 1984. The harvesting of lokta for the project had reduced its availability within reasonable distances of Village Development Communities (VCD) (then participating panchayats). As a solution, a management Programme was initiated in 1985.
Which divided lokta resources into blocks assigned to groups of VCDs in the districts concerned, and established a four-year block harvest quota for the period of 1985 to 1988. Within each block, a rotating harvest regime was instituted in which each VCD would be permitted to harvest a specific amount of lokta at least once during the four-year period.In 1986, further protective measures were introduced following a more comprehensive inventory of lokta resources.The original four-year rotation cycle was changed to a six and then eight year rotation cycle, the time it takes for new shoots to mature and be ready for another harvest.
The Department of Forest has developed and supplied the lokta harvesters with a measuring device that shows whether or not the lokta steams are of harvestable size (6-7 cm in diameter or more than 2m in height). The correct way to harvest lokta is to cut the slender stems at ground level without destroying the main root so that new main shoot can grow and become mature for another harvest.
 
Environment Friendly
Safeguarding the Environment with New Innovations.
Part of the papermaking process is to cook Daphne bark along with wood ash since fuel wood is needed for this cooking procedure, the project has promoted two improved techniques to reduce wood consumption.
The first is the use of caustic soda in the cooking process, which both reduces the quantity of wood ash required and speeds the breakdown of lokta fibre. Cooking time (and therefore fuel wood consumption) is cut to 2-3 hour boiling period, instead of two boiling periods totaling 5-7 hours. This reduces fuel wood consumption by 50-70%. As a result of its promotion by the projects, all papermakers use caustic soda supplied by BCP.
 
The second improvement is the introduction of more efficient stoves for cooking lokta. The stoves reduce fuel wood consumption by 10-25%. As of 1989, 150 improved stoves had been provided to project participants at a subsidized rate of 50% the original cost.
In addition to these improvements, a number of nurseries and plantations have been funded in the project area. The community development programme funds the nurseries and plantation Programme is funded by the community development Programme.
The Nepali Handmade Paper, Community Development and Lokta Management Workshop held at Baglung in 1993 realized the need to conduct environmental awareness programmes for the participating farmers and local people.The workshop recommended that farmers use only dry wood and branches to cook lokta fibre. It also recommended that caustic soda effluents be prevented from discharging directly into rivers and near by water sources.
 
The post-meeting held at Baglung during the same period decided to prepare a detail work plan under Kaski and supervision and controlling office /agriculture development bank, pokhara to establish community nurseries and conduct fuel-wood plantation programmes.
 
 
     
 
 
 
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